Gum Disease
Gums are the foundation of the teeth. Gum disease leads to the destruction of the bone supporting the teeth. It is possible to treat gum disease (periodontitis) using a variety of techniques by deep cleaning of the teeth, improving home oral hygiene and surgery. The treatment chosen will depend on the severity of the disease.
How it happens
The first sign of gum disease is a reddening of the gum margin next to the tooth (the gingivae). This is caused by inflammation of the gum by microorganisms that live in dental plaque. This is termed gingivitis. This stage is reversible if the plaque is removed and the area kept plaque free. Bleeding usually occurs.
If gingivitis is not resolved it progresses to periodontitis.The inflammation and infection spread deeper into the surrounding tissues breaking down the fibres (periodontal ligament) that hold the tooth in the socket. The supporting bone is also affected as the disease progresses. Eventually if left untreated the tooth becomes loose and falls out.
The breakdown of the gum and surrounding tissues is often accompanied by bad breath. For some people this is the first symptom that comes to their attention.
Except for advanced cases periodontal disease is treatable and the teeth can be saved. There are many factors involved in periodontal disease, these include general health, stess and smoking.
As gingivitis is usually very easy to treat we advise that you make an appointment to see a dentist if you have bleeding gums.
